最常用的 100 个英语单词

下面 100 个单词是英语里最常用的一批:the、be、to、of、and、a、in、that、have、I 等等。几乎每个英语句子都会用到其中几个。每个单词都附有美式音标、中文意思或用法,以及一个简短例句。

这份列表是我们为初学者挑选的,顺序是大致的,并不是统计词频得出的排名,序号仅供参考。例句保留英文,方便你看到单词的实际用法。

第 1–25 个词

序号单词发音意思和用法例句
1the/ðə/定冠词,指特定的人或物Close the door, please.
2be/bi/是,在(am、is、are、was、were)She is my sister.
3to/tu/到,向;放在动词前(to eat 吃)I want to go to the beach.
4of/ʌv/……的(表示所属或部分)What is the name of this street?
5and/ænd/和,并且I have a cat and a dog.
6a/ə/不定冠词,一个(元音前用 an)I have a question.
7in/ɪn/在……里;在(某月、某年)The keys are in my bag.
8that/ðæt/那,那个;(连接从句)Is that your car?
9have/hæv/有;助动词,构成完成时(have eaten 吃过了)We have two children.
10I/aɪ/我I am hungry.
11it/ɪt/它;形式主语(it’s raining 下雨了)It is cold today.
12for/fɔr/为,给;(表示时长)……之久This gift is for you.
13not/nɑt/不,没(表示否定)I am not tired.
14on/ɑn/在……上;在(某天)The book is on the table.
15with/wɪθ/和……一起;用I live with my parents.
16he/hi/他He works at a bank.
17as/æz/作为,像……一样;当……时,因为She works as a nurse.
18you/ju/你,您,你们Are you ready?
19do/du/做;助动词,构成疑问句和否定句Do you speak English?
20at/æt/在(某地点、某时刻)The class starts at nine.
21this/ðɪs/这,这个This is my friend Ana.
22but/bʌt/但是The food is good but expensive.
23his/hɪz/他的His name is Tom.
24by/baɪ/在……旁边;被,由;在……之前;乘(交通工具)I go to work by bus.
25from/frʌm/从,来自Where are you from?

第 26–50 个词

序号单词发音意思和用法例句
26they/ðeɪ/他们,她们,它们;也可指不说明性别的一个人They are my neighbors.
27we/wi/我们We eat dinner at seven.
28say/seɪ/说What did you say?
29her/hɝ/她的;她(宾格)Her brother is a teacher.
30she/ʃi/她She speaks three languages.
31or/ɔr/或者,还是Do you want tea or coffee?
32will/wɪl/将,会(表示将来)I will call you tomorrow.
33my/maɪ/我的My sister lives in Chicago.
34one/wʌn/一,一个;代替名词(the blue one 蓝色的那个)I like the blue one.
35all/ɔl/所有,全部,都All my friends are here.
36would/wʊd/会,要(假设);用于礼貌的提议和请求Would you like some water?
37there/ðɛr/那里;there is/are 有There is a bank near here.
38their/ðɛr/他们的,她们的,它们的Their house is very big.
39what/wʌt/什么What time is it?
40so/soʊ/这么,很;所以It was late, so we went home.
41up/ʌp/向上;用于短语动词(get up 起床)I get up at seven.
42out/aʊt/向外,出去;用于短语动词(go out 出去)Let’s go out tonight.
43if/ɪf/如果;是否Call me if you need help.
44about/əˈbaʊt/关于;大约This book is about a dog.
45who/hu/谁;(引导从句)……的人Who is that man?
46get/ɡɛt/得到;变得;到达I get home at six.
47go/ɡoʊ/去I go to the gym every day.
48me/mi/我(宾格)Can you help me?
49when/wɛn/什么时候;当……时When is your birthday?
50can/kæn/能,会,可以I can swim.

第 51–75 个词

序号单词发音意思和用法例句
51make/meɪk/做,制作;使I’ll make dinner tonight.
52like/laɪk/喜欢;像I like this song.
53time/taɪm/时间;次I don’t have time today.
54no/noʊ/不,不是;没有(no money 没有钱)There is no milk in the fridge.
55just/dʒʌst/只是;刚刚;正好I just got home.
56him/hɪm/他(宾格)I saw him at the store.
57know/noʊ/知道,认识Do you know her?
58take/teɪk/拿,带走;乘坐Take an umbrella with you.
59people/ˈpipəl/人,人们Many people live in this city.
60into/ˈɪntu/进入,到……里面She walked into the room.
61year/jɪr/年I’m twenty years old.
62your/jʊr/你的,您的,你们的What is your name?
63good/ɡʊd/好This pizza is really good.
64some/sʌm/一些Can I have some water?
65could/kʊd/能(can 的过去式);可以……吗(礼貌);可能Could you open the window?
66them/ðɛm/他们,她们,它们(宾格)I miss them a lot.
67see/si/看见;明白;见面Can you see the mountains?
68other/ˈʌðɚ/其他的,另外的Where are the other students?
69than/ðæn/比(用于比较)My brother is taller than me.
70then/ðɛn/那时;然后Eat first, then do your homework.
71now/naʊ/现在I’m busy right now.
72look/lʊk/看;看起来Look at this photo!
73come/kʌm/来Can you come to my party?
74think/θɪŋk/想,认为I think it will rain.
75which/wɪtʃ/哪个;(引导从句)……的Which bus goes downtown?

第 76–100 个词

序号单词发音意思和用法例句
76also/ˈɔlsoʊ/也,还She also plays the piano.
77back/bæk/回来,回去;背部I’ll be back in five minutes.
78after/ˈæftɚ/在……之后Let’s meet after class.
79use/juz/用,使用Can I use your phone?
80where/wɛr/哪里Where is the bathroom?
81how/haʊ/怎么,怎样;多(how old 多大)How are you?
82our/aʊr/我们的Our teacher is very kind.
83work/wɝk/工作;(机器)运转My phone doesn’t work.
84first/fɝst/第一,首先This is my first time in New York.
85well/wɛl/好地;健康的;嗯,这个嘛(开头语)She sings very well.
86way/weɪ/路;方法,方式Is this the way to the station?
87new/nu/新的I bought new shoes.
88want/wɑnt/想要Do you want a sandwich?
89because/bɪˈkʌz/因为I stayed home because I was sick.
90any/ˈɛni/一些,任何(用于疑问句和否定句);无论哪个Do you have any questions?
91these/ðiz/这些These cookies are delicious.
92give/ɡɪv/给Can you give this to Sam?
93day/deɪ/天,日;白天Have a nice day!
94us/ʌs/我们(宾格)Come with us!
95here/hɪr/这里Wait here, please.
96more/mɔr/更多,更Can I have more rice?
97very/ˈvɛri/很,非常The movie was very funny.
98thing/θɪŋ/东西,事情I have one more thing to do.
99tell/tɛl/告诉,讲述Tell me about your family.
100need/nid/需要I need a new phone.

单词按大致的常用程度排列。发音采用国际音标(IPA),美式英语。许多短词在语速快时会弱读。

单词怎么算

每个词条都是词典里查到的原形:

  • 动词用原形。be 包括 am、is、are、was、were、been;have 包括 has、had;do 包括 does、did。
  • 名词用单数:year 也包括 years。people 是 person 最常用的复数。
  • a 也包括 an,用在元音开头的音前面:a cat、an apple、an hour。
  • me、him、us、my、their 这些代词形式是不同的词,所以单独列出。

很多单词有好几个意思,具体是哪个要看句子。表里只列出主要意思。

小词撑起语法

列表里很大一部分是语法词,其中不少在中文里没有直接对应的词:

单词作用例句
the / a冠词:the 指双方都知道的,a 指任意一个The bus is late.(那班公交车晚了。)I need a pen.(我需要一支笔。)
do构成疑问句和否定句,本身不翻译Do you like tea?(你喜欢喝茶吗?)I don’t know.(我不知道。)
have有;也构成现在完成时I have finished.(我做完了。)
will表示将来It will rain.(会下雨。)
there is / are有(某处有某物)There is a café here.(这里有一家咖啡馆。)
it说天气、时间时的形式主语It’s cold.(天很冷。)

英语的单数可数名词前一般要有冠词:说 "I have a car",不说 "I have car"。

短词在句子里会读得更轻

表里的音标是单词单独读时的发音。正常说话时,很多短词会弱读:

  • to 听起来像 /tə/:"I want to go"。
  • and 听起来像 /ən/:"you and me"。
  • of 听起来像 /əv/:"a cup of tea"。
  • can 听起来像 /kən/:"I can swim"。而 can’t 保留完整的元音,靠这一点就能听出区别。
  • the 在辅音前读 /ðə/,在元音前通常读 /ði/。

放在短语里记

这些单词常常出现在固定搭配里,连着整个短语一起记效果更好:

  • get up(起床)、go out(出去)、come back(回来)、look at(看)
  • a lot of(很多)、all day(一整天)、one more time(再一次)
  • I think…(我觉得……)、I don’t know(我不知道)、How are you?(你好吗?)

把例句大声读出来,是在语境中练习的好办法。

接下来学什么