最常用的 100 個英文單字

下面 100 個單字是英文裡最常用的一批:the、be、to、of、and、a、in、that、have、I 等等。幾乎每個英文句子都會用到其中幾個。每個單字都附有美式音標、中文意思或用法,以及一個簡短例句。

這份清單是我們為初學者挑選的,順序是大致的,並不是統計詞頻得出的排名,序號僅供參考。例句保留英文,方便你看到單字的實際用法。

第 1–25 個詞

序號單字發音意思和用法例句
1the/ðə/定冠詞,指特定的人或物Close the door, please.
2be/bi/是,在(am、is、are、was、were)She is my sister.
3to/tu/到,向;放在動詞前(to eat 吃)I want to go to the beach.
4of/ʌv/……的(表示所屬或部分)What is the name of this street?
5and/ænd/和,並且I have a cat and a dog.
6a/ə/不定冠詞,一個(母音前用 an)I have a question.
7in/ɪn/在……裡;在(某月、某年)The keys are in my bag.
8that/ðæt/那,那個;(連接子句)Is that your car?
9have/hæv/有;助動詞,構成完成式(have eaten 吃過了)We have two children.
10I/aɪ/我I am hungry.
11it/ɪt/它;虛主詞(it’s raining 下雨了)It is cold today.
12for/fɔr/為,給;(表示時間長度)……之久This gift is for you.
13not/nɑt/不,沒(表示否定)I am not tired.
14on/ɑn/在……上;在(某天)The book is on the table.
15with/wɪθ/和……一起;用I live with my parents.
16he/hi/他He works at a bank.
17as/æz/作為,像……一樣;當……時,因為She works as a nurse.
18you/ju/你,您,你們Are you ready?
19do/du/做;助動詞,構成疑問句和否定句Do you speak English?
20at/æt/在(某地點、某時刻)The class starts at nine.
21this/ðɪs/這,這個This is my friend Ana.
22but/bʌt/但是The food is good but expensive.
23his/hɪz/他的His name is Tom.
24by/baɪ/在……旁邊;被,由;在……之前;搭(交通工具)I go to work by bus.
25from/frʌm/從,來自Where are you from?

第 26–50 個詞

序號單字發音意思和用法例句
26they/ðeɪ/他們,她們,它們;也可指不說明性別的一個人They are my neighbors.
27we/wi/我們We eat dinner at seven.
28say/seɪ/說What did you say?
29her/hɝ/她的;她(受格)Her brother is a teacher.
30she/ʃi/她She speaks three languages.
31or/ɔr/或者,還是Do you want tea or coffee?
32will/wɪl/將,會(表示未來)I will call you tomorrow.
33my/maɪ/我的My sister lives in Chicago.
34one/wʌn/一,一個;代替名詞(the blue one 藍色的那個)I like the blue one.
35all/ɔl/所有,全部,都All my friends are here.
36would/wʊd/會,要(假設);用於禮貌的提議和請求Would you like some water?
37there/ðɛr/那裡;there is/are 有There is a bank near here.
38their/ðɛr/他們的,她們的,它們的Their house is very big.
39what/wʌt/什麼What time is it?
40so/soʊ/這麼,很;所以It was late, so we went home.
41up/ʌp/向上;用於片語動詞(get up 起床)I get up at seven.
42out/aʊt/向外,出去;用於片語動詞(go out 出去)Let’s go out tonight.
43if/ɪf/如果;是否Call me if you need help.
44about/əˈbaʊt/關於;大約This book is about a dog.
45who/hu/誰;(引導子句)……的人Who is that man?
46get/ɡɛt/得到;變得;到達I get home at six.
47go/ɡoʊ/去I go to the gym every day.
48me/mi/我(受格)Can you help me?
49when/wɛn/什麼時候;當……時When is your birthday?
50can/kæn/能,會,可以I can swim.

第 51–75 個詞

序號單字發音意思和用法例句
51make/meɪk/做,製作;使I’ll make dinner tonight.
52like/laɪk/喜歡;像I like this song.
53time/taɪm/時間;次I don’t have time today.
54no/noʊ/不,不是;沒有(no money 沒有錢)There is no milk in the fridge.
55just/dʒʌst/只是;剛剛;正好I just got home.
56him/hɪm/他(受格)I saw him at the store.
57know/noʊ/知道,認識Do you know her?
58take/teɪk/拿,帶走;搭乘Take an umbrella with you.
59people/ˈpipəl/人,人們Many people live in this city.
60into/ˈɪntu/進入,到……裡面She walked into the room.
61year/jɪr/年I’m twenty years old.
62your/jʊr/你的,您的,你們的What is your name?
63good/ɡʊd/好This pizza is really good.
64some/sʌm/一些Can I have some water?
65could/kʊd/能(can 的過去式);可以……嗎(禮貌);可能Could you open the window?
66them/ðɛm/他們,她們,它們(受格)I miss them a lot.
67see/si/看見;明白;見面Can you see the mountains?
68other/ˈʌðɚ/其他的,另外的Where are the other students?
69than/ðæn/比(用於比較)My brother is taller than me.
70then/ðɛn/那時;然後Eat first, then do your homework.
71now/naʊ/現在I’m busy right now.
72look/lʊk/看;看起來Look at this photo!
73come/kʌm/來Can you come to my party?
74think/θɪŋk/想,認為I think it will rain.
75which/wɪtʃ/哪個;(引導子句)……的Which bus goes downtown?

第 76–100 個詞

序號單字發音意思和用法例句
76also/ˈɔlsoʊ/也,還She also plays the piano.
77back/bæk/回來,回去;背部I’ll be back in five minutes.
78after/ˈæftɚ/在……之後Let’s meet after class.
79use/juz/用,使用Can I use your phone?
80where/wɛr/哪裡Where is the bathroom?
81how/haʊ/怎麼,怎樣;多(how old 幾歲)How are you?
82our/aʊr/我們的Our teacher is very kind.
83work/wɝk/工作;(機器)運作My phone doesn’t work.
84first/fɝst/第一,首先This is my first time in New York.
85well/wɛl/好地;健康的;嗯,這個嘛(開頭語)She sings very well.
86way/weɪ/路;方法,方式Is this the way to the station?
87new/nu/新的I bought new shoes.
88want/wɑnt/想要Do you want a sandwich?
89because/bɪˈkʌz/因為I stayed home because I was sick.
90any/ˈɛni/一些,任何(用於疑問句和否定句);無論哪個Do you have any questions?
91these/ðiz/這些These cookies are delicious.
92give/ɡɪv/給Can you give this to Sam?
93day/deɪ/天,日;白天Have a nice day!
94us/ʌs/我們(受格)Come with us!
95here/hɪr/這裡Wait here, please.
96more/mɔr/更多,更Can I have more rice?
97very/ˈvɛri/很,非常The movie was very funny.
98thing/θɪŋ/東西,事情I have one more thing to do.
99tell/tɛl/告訴,講述Tell me about your family.
100need/nid/需要I need a new phone.

單字按大致的常用程度排列。發音採用國際音標(IPA),美式英文。許多短字在說話快時會弱讀。

單字怎麼算

每個詞條都是字典裡查到的原形:

  • 動詞用原形。be 包括 am、is、are、was、were、been;have 包括 has、had;do 包括 does、did。
  • 名詞用單數:year 也包括 years。people 是 person 最常用的複數。
  • a 也包括 an,用在母音開頭的音前面:a cat、an apple、an hour。
  • me、him、us、my、their 這些代名詞形式是不同的字,所以單獨列出。

很多單字有好幾個意思,是哪一個要看句子。表裡只列出主要意思。

小單字撐起文法

清單裡很大一部分是文法用字,其中不少在中文裡沒有直接對應的字詞:

單字作用例句
the / a冠詞:the 指雙方都知道的,a 指任意一個The bus is late.(那班公車遲到了。)I need a pen.(我需要一支筆。)
do構成疑問句和否定句,本身不翻譯Do you like tea?(你喜歡喝茶嗎?)I don’t know.(我不知道。)
have有;也構成現在完成式I have finished.(我做完了。)
will表示未來It will rain.(會下雨。)
there is / are有(某處有某物)There is a café here.(這裡有一家咖啡廳。)
it說天氣、時間時的虛主詞It’s cold.(天氣很冷。)

英文的單數可數名詞前一般要有冠詞:說 "I have a car",不說 "I have car"。

短字在句子裡會唸得更輕

表裡的音標是單字單獨唸時的發音。正常說話時,很多短字會弱讀:

  • to 聽起來像 /tə/:"I want to go"。
  • and 聽起來像 /ən/:"you and me"。
  • of 聽起來像 /əv/:"a cup of tea"。
  • can 聽起來像 /kən/:"I can swim"。而 can’t 保留完整的母音,靠這一點就能聽出區別。
  • the 在子音前唸 /ðə/,在母音前通常唸 /ði/。

放在片語裡記

這些單字常常出現在固定搭配裡,連同整個片語一起記效果更好:

  • get up(起床)、go out(出去)、come back(回來)、look at(看)
  • a lot of(很多)、all day(一整天)、one more time(再一次)
  • I think…(我覺得……)、I don’t know(我不知道)、How are you?(你好嗎?)

把例句大聲唸出來,是在語境中練習的好方法。

接下來學什麼